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　　超声波清洗机的发展历史

　　The Development History of Ultrasonic Cleaning Machines

　　超声波清洗机的发展历史可以追溯到20世纪初，自1880年居里兄弟发现压电效应以来，压电学成为现代科学与技术的一个重要领域。然而，压电换能器最早应用于工程是仅作为滤波器件的石英晶体谐振器，而压电效应在工程中应用也只局限于水声和电声器件。

　　The development history of ultrasonic cleaning machines can be traced back to the early 20th century. Since the discovery of the piezoelectric effect by the Curie brothers in 1880, piezoelectricity has become an important field of modern science and technology. However, the earliest application of piezoelectric transducers in engineering was only as quartz crystal resonators as filtering devices, and the application of piezoelectric effects in engineering was also limited to underwater and electroacoustic devices.

　　在第一次世界大战期间，法国着名物理学家保罗·朗之万发明了“钢-石英-钢”结构的夹心压电换能器，并成功地在水中进行了发射和接收超声波的实验，这是人类首次对超声波技术的应用展开研究。

　　During World War I, the famous French physicist Paul Langevin invented a sandwich piezoelectric transducer with a "steel quartz steel" structure and successfully conducted experiments on transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves in water. This was the first time that humans had conducted research on the application of ultrasonic technology.

　　然而，真正的超声波清洗技术研究始于20世纪50年代，当时贬.叠.惭颈濒濒别谤对换能器做出了巨大改进，发展了加预应力的复合换能器，为功率超声波技术的工业应用奠定了基础。在这一时期，超声波清洗技术主要应用于电子、光学和医药等领域。由于其强大的实用性和广泛的应用范围，从大型机械零部件到小型半导体器件等的清洗，久而久之被俗称为“无刷清洗”。

　　However, the real research on ultrasonic cleaning technology began in the 1950s, when H.B. Miller made significant improvements to transducers and developed pre-stressed composite transducers, laying the foundation for the industrial application of power ultrasonic technology. During this period, ultrasonic cleaning technology was mainly applied in fields such as electronics, optics, and medicine. Due to its strong practicality and wide range of applications, the cleaning of large mechanical components to small semiconductor devices has gradually become commonly known as "brushless cleaning".

　　然而，此技术的广泛应用并非一帆风顺。尽管超声波清洗机已经有了30多年的历史，日本在25年前就开始使用，但一个误解一直困扰着这项技术，使人们怀疑超声波清洗器的效果。

　　However, the widespread application of this technology has not been smooth sailing. Although ultrasonic cleaning machines have a history of over 30 years and were first used in Japan 25 years ago, a misconception has plagued this technology, leading people to doubt the effectiveness of ultrasonic cleaning machines.

　　传统的超声波清洗器理论认为，气泡起到了清洗的作用。但科学家经过反复试验发现，事实上，气泡只是由超声波的强力粗密波引起的单纯的气体爆发而已，它反而会抑制甚至消除超声波清洗器的清洗力，真正发挥清洗作用的是真空的气穴。

　　The traditional ultrasonic cleaner theory holds that bubbles play a cleaning role. But scientists have found through repeated experiments that in fact, bubbles are just simple gas explosions caused by the strong and dense waves of ultrasound. They can actually suppress or even eliminate the cleaning power of ultrasonic cleaners, and the true cleaning effect is the vacuum air pockets.

　　日本清洗工程研究会创始人柴野佳英在1987年公开发表了这一超声波清洗的基本理论，并根据这一理论研制出了技术领先的超声波清洗设备。

　　The founder of the Japanese Cleaning Engineering Research Association, Yoshihide Shibano, publicly published the basic theory of ultrasonic cleaning in 1987 and developed a technologically advanced ultrasonic cleaning equipment based on this theory.

　　随着应用范围的扩大和科技的进步，超声波清洗设备也在不断发展和改进。传统的超声波清洗设备由于自动化程度不高而难以保证零件清洗的均匀性，近年来逐渐出现了自动化程度高、灵活性强的自动化超声波清洗设备。

　　With the expansion of application scope and the advancement of technology, ultrasonic cleaning equipment is also constantly developing and improving. Traditional ultrasonic cleaning equipment is difficult to ensure the uniformity of part cleaning due to its low degree of automation. In recent years, automated ultrasonic cleaning equipment with high degree of automation and strong flexibility has gradually emerged.

　　如今，超声波清洗机更是进一步进入到人们的生活中来，帮助清洗一些结构复杂，难以清理的物件。

　　Nowadays, ultrasonic cleaning machines have further entered people's lives, helping to clean some structurally complex and difficult to clean objects.

　　超声波清洗机的工作原理

　　The working principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine

　　工作原理上，超声波清洗机主要是通过换能器将功率超声频源的声能转换成机械振动，通过清洗槽壁将超声波辐射到槽子中的清洗液。

　　In terms of working principle, the ultrasonic cleaning machine mainly converts the sound energy of the power ultrasonic frequency source into mechanical vibration through a transducer, and radiates the ultrasonic waves into the cleaning solution in the tank through the cleaning tank wall.

　　由于受到超声波的辐射，使槽内液体中的微气泡能够在声波的作用下保持振动。这些微气泡在破裂时会产生强大的冲击力，从而将污垢和油脂从被清洗物表面及内部分离。

　　Due to the radiation of ultrasonic waves, microbubbles in the liquid inside the tank can maintain vibration under the action of sound waves. These microbubbles generate strong impact force when they rupture, thereby separating dirt and grease from the surface and interior of the cleaned object.

　　同时，超声波在清洗液中传播时会产生正负交变的声压，形成射流，冲击清洗件。并且由于非线性效应会产生声流和微声流，而超声空化在固体和液体界面会产生高速的微射流，所有这些作用能够破坏污物，除去或削弱边界污层，增加搅拌、扩散作用，加速可溶性污物的溶解，强化化学清洗剂的清洗作用。

　　At the same time, when ultrasound propagates in the cleaning solution, it generates positive and negative alternating sound pressure, forming a jet that impacts the cleaning parts. And due to nonlinear effects, acoustic and micro acoustic flows are generated, while ultrasonic cavitation produces high-speed micro jets at the solid and liquid interface. All of these effects can destroy pollutants, remove or weaken boundary pollution layers, increase stirring and diffusion effects, accelerate the dissolution of soluble pollutants, and enhance the cleaning effect of chemical cleaning agents.

　　具体而言，当液体被利用时，将产生气泡，并且当液体被压缩时，气泡将被压缩，它会被粉碎和破碎，这便发生了着名的“超声波空化效应”。在空化效应中，气泡闭合的瞬间产生冲击波，使气泡周围产生巨大的压力（1012-1013辫补）及局部调温，这种超声波空化所产生的巨大压力能破坏不溶性污物而使他们分化于溶液中。同时，蒸汽型空化对污垢的直接反复冲击也有利于污渍的清除。

　　Specifically, when a liquid is utilized, bubbles will be generated, and when the liquid is compressed, the bubbles will be compressed, crushed, and broken, resulting in the famous "ultrasonic cavitation effect". In the cavitation effect, a shock wave is generated at the moment when the bubble closes, causing a huge pressure (1012-1013pa) and local temperature regulation around the bubble. The huge pressure generated by ultrasonic cavitation can destroy insoluble pollutants and cause them to differentiate into solution. At the same time, the direct and repeated impact of steam cavitation on dirt is also beneficial for the removal of stains.

　　此外，超声波清洗也利用了超声波在液体中的空化作用、加速度作用及直进流作用对液体和污物直接或间接的作用。这样可以使污物层分散、乳化、剥离，从而达到清洗目的。

　　In addition, ultrasonic cleaning also utilizes the cavitation, acceleration, and direct flow effects of ultrasonic waves in liquids to directly or indirectly affect liquids and pollutants. This can disperse, emulsify, and peel off the dirt layer, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning.

　　值得一提的是，超声波清洗机中的换能器起着至关重要的作用，它是一种能量转换器件。它的主要功能是将输入的电功率转换成机械功率（即超声波）再传递出去，而自身消耗掉的功率很少（小于10%）。

　　It is worth mentioning that the transducer in the ultrasonic cleaning machine plays a crucial role as it is an energy conversion device. Its main function is to convert the input electrical power into mechanical power (i.e. ultrasound) and transmit it out, while consuming very little power (less than 10%) on its own.

　　具体来说，换能器将功率超声频源的声能转换成机械振动，通过清洗槽壁将超声波辐射到槽子中的清洗液。由于受到超声波的辐射，使槽内液体中的微气泡能够在声波的作用下从而保持振动。

　　Specifically, the transducer converts the sound energy of the power ultrasonic frequency source into mechanical vibration, and radiates the ultrasonic waves into the cleaning solution in the tank through the cleaning tank wall. Due to the radiation of ultrasonic waves, microbubbles in the liquid inside the tank can maintain vibration under the action of sound waves.

　　当使用超声波换能器时，最需要考虑的问题是与输入输出端的匹配，其次是机械安装和配合尺寸。此外，换能器产生的振幅极小的高频震动并传播到清洗槽中，通过机械能作用将产物的污物清除，提高产物洁净度。

　　When using ultrasonic transducers, the most important consideration is the matching with the input and output terminals, followed by mechanical installation and fitting dimensions. In addition, the high-frequency vibration generated by the transducer with extremely small amplitude is transmitted to the cleaning tank, and the product's dirt is removed through mechanical energy, improving the cleanliness of the product.

　　小结

　　厂耻尘尘补谤测

　　超声波清洗机通过一种被称为“空化效应”的原理来清除污渍，而不是利用气泡。未来随着技术的不断进步和市场需求的不断增长，超声波清洗机将会在更多领域得到应用，同时也会更加环保、高效和智能化。

　　Ultrasonic cleaning machines use a principle called "cavitation effect" to remove stains, rather than using bubbles. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the growing market demand, ultrasonic cleaning machines will be applied in more fields, while also becoming more environmentally friendly, efficient, and intelligent.

　　本文由 超声波清洗机  友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  /  &苍产蝉辫;真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from an ultrasonic cleaning machine For more related knowledge, please click / Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.